discussion 4 the chemistry of wine making

Living organisms are able to convert energy from food into chemical energy used by cells. This allows these organisms to perform all work needed to grow, reproduce and survive. To do so, both plants and animals depend on cellular respiration that uses oxygen to breakdown sugar. In the absence of oxygen, some organisms are still able to breakdown sugar in order to make ATP through lactic acid fermentation, like muscle cells or bacterial cells, or alcohol fermentation, like yeast. Yeast is one organism that is able to do both cellular respiration and fermentation depending on the presence or absence of oxygen.